Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense - If the task has completed in past then we use this tense.


Rules :

1. We use helping verb 'HAD' with all the subjects.

2. We use third form of the verb.

Affirmative/Negative sentence : subject + had + not + verb's IIIrd form + object.

Example : Raj had finished his homework.
I had not learnt my lesson.

Interrogative sentence :

Yes/No - type : Had + subject + not + verb's IIIrd + object?

Example : Had the police not caught the thief?

Q.W/Wh - type : Q.W. + had + subject + not + verb's IIIrd + object?

Example : When had they not made a noise in the class?



     Past Perfect Tense ( Complex sentence)

Rules :

1. The sentence in which the work is finished first should be made in Past Perfect tense.

2. The sentence in which the work is finished after the work of first sentence should be made in Past Indefinite tense.

3. Both the sentence should be joined with "Before/After".

Affirmative/Negative sentence : subject + had + not + verb's IIIrd + object + before + subject + verb's IInd form + object.

Example : The patient had died before the doctor came.

Students had not learnt any lesson before the teacher came.

Interrogative sentence : Q.W + had + subject + not + verb's IIIrd + object + before + subject + verb's IInd + object?

Example : Why had they not stolen the jewellery before the goldsmith came?

Note : 1. We revert this procedure when "After" comes in place of "Before".

2. We join both the sentences with "After".

Affirmative sentence : subject + verb's IInd form + object + after + subject + had + verb's IIIrd + object.

Example : The police came after the thief had run away.

Negative sentence : subject + did + not + verb's Ist form + object + after + subject + had + verb's IIIrd form + object.

Example : The child did not sleep after the electricity had gone.

Interrogative sentence : Q.W + did + subject + not + verb's Ist form + object + after + subject + had + verb's IIIrd form + object ?

Example : Where did he go after the rain had stopped?

                              Exercise

1. I had taken my dinner last night.
2. You had not finished your office work               yesterday.
3. Why had they not learnt English speaking.
4. I had taken bath before you woke up.
5. She had cooked the food before I reached      home.
6.Where had he gone before you reached          there?
7. She came home after I had left for my            office.
8. They did not steal the money after I had        slept.
9. Why did Ram not eat mangoes after                mother had gone to market?

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